by Fern Shaw | Sep 11, 2015 | Uncategorized
I’ve always loved adages and how they evolve, but I love them especially when they relate to predictions about the weather and the natural world.
For example, one of my favourites, which I’ve never quite understood is:
‘Red sky at night, sailor’s delight. Red sky in morning, sailor’s warning’.
The wonder of this is, is there any truth in this old adage?
Red sky at night, sailors delight
When we see a red sky at night, this means that the setting sun is sending its light through a high concentration of dust particles. This usually indicates high pressure and stable air coming in from the west. Basically, good weather will follow.
Red sky in morning, sailor’s warning
A red sunrise can mean that a high pressure system (good weather) has already passed, thus indicating that a storm system (low pressure) may be moving to the east. A morning sky that is a deep, fiery red can indicate that there is high water content in the atmosphere. So, rain could be on its way.
Mackerel sky and mare’s tails make tall ships carry low sails
This weather proverb originates from a nautical background when different cloud types were used to determine whether sails needed to be lowered. Also referred to as just a ‘mackerel sky’, it is associated with altocumulus clouds while ‘mare’s tails’ refer to cirrus clouds. Both could develop before the instance of a storm which would lead to the lowering of the ships sails. Altocumulus clouds appear when there is a certain level of moisture in the air suggesting rainfall is approaching. The term ‘mackerel sky’ comes from the clouds resemblance to the scales of the mackerel. This terminology is rather lovely if you think about it!
When the wind is out of the East, ‘tis never good for man nor beast
This weather proverb carries some truth if you consider the various air masses that affect Britain and its weather. The air mass coming in from a North-Easterly direction is the Polar Continental; record low temperatures have been seen due to this air mass affecting Britain. This air mass originates in places such as Eastern Europe and Russia to affect Britain with bitterly cold winds in winter and dry, warm winds in summer although it is usually only apparent in Britain during winter (between November and April).
So, now you know. Here’s wishing you red sky nights for the foreseeable future! Or you could do as comedian Tom Parry says (fresh from the Edinburgh Festival): Red sky at night: shepherd’s delight. Blue sky at night: day.
by Fern Shaw | Sep 11, 2015 | Water
I hope you aren’t surprised about the ‘I’ in the title; by now you should be well aware that a lot of this blogging stuff is about me. And why not – it is me that’s writing them after all.
I actually didn’t really trivia my way to fame – no Slumdog Millionaire me – however, I, like millions of humanoids, am fascinated by knowledge of the diverse. With this in mind, I present the 3rd in the series of Did You Know? trivia – facts and factoids to amaze your friends and colleagues with when you’re replenishing your water:
Queen Elizabeth II
The Queen Elizabeth II cruise liner has had one full-time resident for seven years. The passenger, an 87-year-old American widow has lived in a windowless modest cabin for seven years at a rent of £3,500 a month. (Fact for 9 Dec 2008).
“The whole nine yards”
It is believed that the term ‘the whole 9 yards’ came from WWII fighter pilots in the South Pacific. When arming their airplanes on the ground, the .50 calibre machine gun ammo belts measured exactly 27 feet, before being loaded into the fuselage.
Lexicon
The only 15-letter word that can be spelled without repeating a letter is uncopyrightable.
Executable offense
It is an executable offense to allow your pet to mate with a pet of the royal house without permission. I wonder how the Royal Corgis feel about that?
John Smith – lots of!
There are over 30,000 John Smiths in Britain.
Dodgy dicing
In the 1700s, men who ran illegal gambling houses hired a special person to swallow the dice if the police showed up.
Butler
The word ‘Butler’ was brought from France by the Normans around 1066 and is from the French word ‘bouteiller’ which means a man who bottles wine.
In the UK a private members organisation was founded in 1979 called, ‘The Institute of British Butlers’, aimed at providing advice and support for butlers in the UK.
by Fern Shaw | Jul 31, 2015 | Health and Hydration
Aha! Bet that got your attention. Now I have it, can I direct you towards this selection of wrist watches I’m selling? Only joking – however, in all seriousness, when the temperatures start to soar in the summer months, dehydration can occur quicker than you may think.
Here are some quick and easy tips on how to stave off dehydration (and they don’t all involve drinks) –
For Adults:
- Tea – A recent UK study found drinking up to four mugs of black tea with milk a day is just as hydrating as drinking the same quantity of water. Bear in mind though, that the caffeine in tea starts acting as a diuretic (increases fluid loss by causing you to pass more urine) when you exceed around five cups a day, so go easy or sip water in between your mugs of tea.
- Coconut water – Fresh coconut water is naturally isotonic, with a 330ml serving containing more potassium than two bananas plus five other naturally occurring electrolytes. It has one-fifth of the sugar found in fruit juice, plus a little fibre.
- Cucumbers – No matter how you slice ‘em and dice ‘em, cucumbers keep cool at the number one spot on the list of water-logged fruits and vegetables. At 96 percent water, cucumbers have no saturated fat or cholesterol, and are very high in vitamin K, vitamin B6 and iron. Stack slices with watermelon and you’ve a pretty, tasty and water filled snack.
- Watermelon – In the world of thirst quenchers, watermelon weighs in as a major contender. Based on its name, it’s no surprise this fruit is made up of 92 percent water! But its salt, calcium and magnesium is what makes it ideal for rehydration, according to a 2009 study at the University of Aberdeen’s Medical School.
- Lettuce – Iceberg lettuce may be 96 percent water, but it’s not known for much else in the nutrition department. Richer salad greens and sandwich toppers including butterhead, romaine and spinach are more well-rounded choices and still up your hydration.
For Children:
- Make your own ice lollies for a fluid-rich treat. Puree fruit or use no-sugar-added fruit juice and pour into freezer moulds.
- Make sure water is easily accessible for little ones. If they can’t reach the sink or the water tap in your fridge, set up an easy-to-use water dispenser and a few cups in a place where they can reach it.
- Create a reminder system for drinking water. This could be a chart on the fruidge that kids can mark each time they have a serving of water, or, if you’re out and about, a timer set on your phone to remind the family that it’s time to take a drink.
- The same as with the grown-ups (that’s you, that is), keeping hydrated doesn’t have to be water – many fruits and vegetables have a very high water content. Offer watermelon, strawberries, broccoli, celery, cucumbers and other watery fruits and veggies for snacks.
by Fern Shaw | Jun 19, 2015 | Water
A while ago, I blogged about the dreaded headaches that affect most humanoids.
There are so many types of headaches, one hardly knows where to begin, but I’m going to give it the good old college try in the hopes that this will provide useful information so you can treat them appropriately the next time you experience one of these nasties:
Tension headaches – the most common type, feel like a constant ache or pressure around the head, especially at the temples or back of the head and neck. Not as severe as migraines, they don’t usually cause nausea or vomiting, and they rarely halt daily activities.
Over-the-counter treatments, such as aspirin, ibuprofen, or acetaminophen, are usually sufficient to treat them. One needs to always check the contra-indications, even with over-the-counter medications, as, for example, headache tablets containing aspirin can irritate one’s stomach lining. Experts believe these may be caused by the contraction of neck and scalp muscles (including a response to stress), and possibly changes in brain chemicals.
Cluster headaches, which affect more men than women, are recurring headaches that occur in groups or cycles. They appear suddenly and are characterized by severe, debilitating pain on one side of the head, and are often accompanied by a watery eye and nasal congestion or a runny nose on the same side of the face.
During an attack, people often feel restless and unable to get comfortable; they are unlikely to lie down, as someone with a migraine might. The cause of cluster headaches is unknown, but there may be a genetic component. There is no cure, but medication can cut the frequency and duration.
Sinus headaches – when a sinus becomes inflamed, often due to an infection, it can cause pain. It usually comes with a fever and can be diagnosed by symptoms or the presence of pus viewed through a fibre-optic scope.
Headaches due to sinus infection can be treated with antibiotics, as well as antihistamines or decongestants.
Rebound headaches – overuse of painkillers for headaches can, ironically, lead to rebound headaches.
Culprits include over-the-counter medications like aspirin, acetaminophen, or ibuprofen, as well as prescription drugs.
One theory is that too much medication can cause the brain to shift into an excited state, triggering more headaches. Another is that rebound headaches are a symptom of withdrawal as the level of medicine drops in the bloodstream.
Migraine headaches – migraines can run in families and are diagnosed using certain criteria:
- At least five previous episodes of headaches
- Lasting between 4–72 hours.
- At least two out of these four: one-sided pain, throbbing pain, moderate-to-severe pain, and pain that interferes with, is worsened by, or prohibits routine activity.
- At least one associated feature: nausea and/or vomiting, or, if those are not present, then sensitivity to light and sound.
A migraine may be foreshadowed by aura, such as visual distortions or hand numbness.
Last, but certainly not least, there are what I’ve coined as water headaches. A water headache isn’t, as one would think, a headache brought about by drinking ice cold water or eating ice cream, but headaches that occur precisely because we’re not drinking sufficient water.
Yep, can you Adam and Eve it – nasty, painful headaches can easily be brought on by not drinking enough water. Of course if you bash your head (or bash your head after falling down from imbibing too much alcohol, that’s a double trouble problem), and you’ve a sore head, drinking water isn’t going to help reduce that soreness, sorry for you.
But if you find that all of a sardine you’re experiencing more headaches than usual (and you haven’t bashed your head or pulled muscles and you’re not prone to migraines), there really is a simple and inexpensive solution to test the theory, dearie: up your water intake. You’ll be pleasantly surprised by the result.
by Fern Shaw | Jun 8, 2015 | Water
I’m sure you all have a pretty good inkling about some elements of what your carbon footprint is and have, in your own way, implemented certain strategies on how to lessen that footprint.
But are you at all aware of what the water footprint is for each bit of food you consume?
Here are the water footprints for a few foods that may surprise you – making it high time perhaps to get the most out of your allotment or even your windowsill gardens for that matter.
1. Tomato: On average, one tomato (250 gram) costs 50 litres of water. Tomato sauce / ketchup costs 530 litres of water per kilogram of tomato ketchup.
Tomato puree costs 710 litres of water per kilogram of tomato puree.
2. A pound of lettuce = 114 litres
In general, vegetables take much less water to produce than animal products: That’s where the Meatless Monday suggestion comes in. You don’t need to go vegan, but every bit helps. Lettuces’ water footprint for the UK can be a lot higher as the produce can need to be brought in for consumption from other countries in the winter months.
3. A kilogram of chocolate = 17 000 litres
On average, cocoa beans have a water footprint of 20 000 litres/kg. Cocoa beans are first made into cocoa paste, with cocoa shells as rest product. About 97% of the total water footprint of cocoa beans is allocated to the cocoa paste that is derived from the beans; the rest is attributed to the by-products. One kilogram of cocoa beans gives about 800 gram of paste, so that the water footprint of cocoa paste is about 24 000 litres/kg. From this we can calculate that chocolate has a water footprint of about 17 000 litres/kg.
4. A slice of pizza = 159 litres of water
That would be 68 litres for the flour, 79 litres for the cheese, and nearly 11 for the sauce. Mozzarella, it turns out, is a real water sucker, as is any animal product. Of course, this is the global average, and water use per slice varies from country to country. French pizza has less than half this footprint, the US just about hits the average mark, and Chinese pizza is slightly more waterlogged.
Obviously, you can’t live on water alone (although it’s super important to ensure that you drink sufficient water), but perhaps spare a thought in future about where your food comes from.
*excerpts from Waterfootprint.org
